NF C46-904-61-1999 使用配线载波系统的分配自动化.第4-61部分:数据通信协议.网络层.无连接协议

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【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforEvaluationofRocktobeUsedforErosionControl
【原文标准名称】:侵蚀控制用岩石评定的标准实施规范
【标准号】:ASTMD4992-2007
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2007
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.17
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:侵蚀;评定;岩石
【英文主题词】:armorstone;breakwaterstone:erosioncontrol;laboratorytesting;petrographicanalysis;riprap;rock;rockdurability;rockmassproperties;rockmaterialproperties
【摘要】:Thefieldexaminationandpetrographicexaminationinthispracticealongwithappropriatelaboratorytestingmaybeusedtodeterminethesuitabilityofrockforerosioncontrol.Itshouldidentifyanddelineateareasorzonesoftherock,beds,andfaciesofunsuitableormarginalcompositionandpropertiesduetoweathering,alteration,structuralweaknesses,porosity,andotherpotentiallydeleteriouscharacteristics.Boththerockmasspropertiesandtherockmaterialpropertiesmustbeevaluated.4.2.1Therockmasspropertiesarethelithologicpropertiesoftheinsiturockthatmustbeevaluatedonamacroscopicscaleinthefield.Thesewouldincludefeaturessuchasfractures,joints,faults,bedding,schistosity,andlineations,aswellasthelateralandverticalextentoftherockunit.4.2.2Therockmaterialpropertiesarethoselithologicpropertiesthatmaybeevaluatedusingsmallspecimensandthuscanbesubjecttomeaningfullaboratorytesting.Thesepropertieswouldincludemineralcomposition,grainsize,rockhardness,degreeofweathering,porosity,unitweight,andmanyothers.Rockproposedforuseinerosioncontrolapplicationswillnormallybeclassifiedaseitherfilterbeddingstone,riprapstone,armorstone,orbreakwaterstone.However,theseproceduresmaybealsoextendedtorocksusedingroinandgabionstructures.1.1Thispracticecoverstheevaluationofrocktobeusedforerosioncontrol.Thecomplexityandextentofthisevaluationwillbegovernedbythesizeanddesignrequirementsoftheindividualproject,thequantityandqualityofrockrequired,andthepotentialriskforpropertydamageorlossofhumanlife.1.2Itisnotintendedthatalloftheevaluationslistedinthispracticebeaddressedforeveryproject.Forsomesmall,lesscriticaljobs,avisualinspectionoftherockmaybeallthatisnecessary.Severaloftheevaluationslistedmaybenecessaryonlarge,complex,high-hazardprojects.Theintensityandnumberofevaluationsmadeonanyoneprojectmustbedeterminedbythedesigner.1.3Examinationoftherockatthesource,evaluationofsimilarrockexposedtotheenvironmentatanyfieldinstallations,aswellaslaboratorytestsmaybenecessarytodeterminethepropertiesoftherockasrelatedtoitspredictedperformanceatthesiteofintendeduse(1,2,3,4,5,6).1.4Theexaminationoftherockatitssourceisessentialtoitsevaluationforerosioncontrolandaidsintheplanningofthesubsequentlaboratoryexaminations.Verylargepiecesofrockuptoseveraltonsweightareusedinthecontroloferosion;thusgreatcaremustbetakenwiththefielddescriptionsandinthesamplingprogramtoassurethatzonesofimpuritiesorweaknessesthatmightnotoccurinordinarysizespecimensarerecordedandevaluatedfortheirdeleteriouspotentialundertheconditionsofintendeduse.Itisnecessarythattheintendedmethodofrockremovalbestudiedtoascertainwhetherthesamplestakenwillcorrespondtotheblasting,handling,andweatheringhistoryoftherockthatwillfinallybeused().1.5Thespecificproceduresemployedinthelaboratoryexaminationsdependonthekindofrock,itscharacteristics,mineralcomponents,macroandmicrostructure,andperhapsmostimportantly,theintendeduse,sizeofthepieces,andtheexposureconditionsatthesiteofuse(1,2,3,4).1.6Itisassumedthatthispracticewillbeusedbypersonnelwhoarequalifiedbyeducationandexperiencetoplanthenecessaryevaluationsandtoconductthemsothatthenecessaryparametersofthesubjectrockwillbedefined.Therefore,thispracticedoesnotattempttodetailthelaboratorytechniquesrequired,butrathertomentionthemandonlydetailthosepropertiesthatmustbeof......
【中国标准分类号】:P13
【国际标准分类号】:91_100_15
【页数】:7P.;A4
【正文语种】: